A descriptive cross-sectional study was organized to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition among children from 0 to 59 months living in the commune of Mangobo during the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. By the use of the investigation of documentary technique and based on the selection criteria, we obtained a sample of 228 cases of malnourished children. The results of our study are as follows: the prevalence of malnutrition is 22.9%; the sample is made up of 57.9% of male cases and 42.1% of female cases; severe acute malnutrition is 19.3% and moderate acute malnutrition is 46.0%; the average duration of hospitalization is 36 days (1 month and 1 week); the main cause of loss of appetite is vomiting (39.0%), diarrhea (24.2%) and trauma (20.6%); on discharge from the hospital: cured cases (74.1%), cases of deceased (15.0%) and cases of lost to follow-up (10.9%).